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Video footage of Dr. Gniady's testimony:
Please keep in mind this is not a transcript but a paraphrased and condensed summary. Rely at your own risk. Special thanks to Dave Safier for preparing this summary.
Summary of testimony by Dr. Chris Gniady
Direct Examination by Bill Risner, attorney for the Pima County Democratic Party.
Dr. Guiady is on the University of Arizona faculty, has a PhD in computer science.
Democratic Party asked him to examine GEMS, how it could be accessed, etc. He used version 1.18.17, a version that could be found on the internet, and a database from Alaska.
SQL statements in the database are select statements used to retrieve data from the database, to interface with GEMS.
Dr. Guiady did not find anything he would call a program on the database.
The database is not a part of the Microsoft Access program.
The SQL queries in a GEMS database are typical of databases generated by Access.
If you look at a database, the SQL will help you see how data is generated. That can be helpful to verify the accuracy of the report.
SQL statements do not contain any control. They only request data.
To get a password form the encryption in a database would take a powerful computer a great deal of time. Knowing one password will not help you figure out any others.
Cross examination by Deputy Pima County Attorney Thomas "Tad" Denker.
Dr. Guiady has no special expertise in election software or SQL.
He has no idea how long it takes to develop new election software or the cost of development.
SQL contains some common traits of programs.
The Secretary of State’s manual defines a program in a way that would make a database a program.
Dr. Guiady agrees that if the database contains ballot layout information, it contains a program.
Redirect by Bill Risner.
GEMS is written in C++ language, which is an object-oriented language. Therefore, the database is separate from the GEMS software..
Judge Miller’s questions.
Guiady used MS Access to examine the Alaska database. You can’t print a ballot using Access. To do that, you need to use GEMS.
While the database is in Access, the encrypted password can be erased and a new password put in, that you can use to open it in GEMS.
He has not seen the GEMS software code.
Denker's questions.
SQL code can store data, and it can operate on or change data.
Risner's questions.
SQL can’t do select statements.
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